The process of selecting a dog is an exhilarating one however it is a huge task. The overall health of a certain breed is one of the most critical considerations of many potential dog owners. There are breeds that are more likely to develop genetic disorders or chronic diseases or joint issues, whereas there are breeds that are healthier and may have fewer visits to the veterinary. In case you want to get a dog with the minimum number of health problems, it is important to know the breed tendencies, genetics, and lifestyle requirements.
We are going to discuss the healthier dog breeds in general, why certain breeds experience more health issues and what you can do to ensure that your furry pet is in the best possible health in this guide.
Why Health Matters When Choosing a Dog
It may be too easy to pick a dog based on its appearance or popularity only to face some surprises. The health issues in dogs may be a minor problem such as skin allergies or a severe life-threatening complication, such as heart disease or hip dysplasia.
Healthy dogs typically:
- Live longer
- Require fewer vet visits
- Have better quality of life
- Are more active and playful in general.
Knowing the breeds that are less prone to health issues will save you money, stress and heartache in the long term.
Factors That Influence a Dog’s Health
There are factors that affect the health of a dog before immersing in a particular breed:
Genetics
The genes of a dog are huge contributors to its prone diseases. The risks of inheriting diseases are highly probable in pure bred dogs due to the low diversity of genes. Mixed breeds however are more likely to possess what is known as hybrid Vigor, whereby due to a wider genetic composition, the chances of some genetic disorders are minimized.
Size
In most cases, small breeds of dogs have a higher life expectancy and do not experience serious health complications as compared to giant breeds. Big breeds are usually vulnerable to joint complications, heart disorders, and some cancers.
Breeding Practices
Conscientious breeders take the health of their dogs into consideration and they conduct genetic tests to prevent the transmission of inherited diseases. Poorly bred dogs are likely to pass on various health issues.
Lifestyle and Care
Even healthy dogs which are genetically healthy can develop some health problems provided that they are not taken care of. The correct diet, physical activity, immunizations, dental care, and routine veterinary visit are all of vital importance to the health of the dog.
Dog Breeds with the Least Amount of Health Issues
Although there is no breed that cannot be subjected to health issues, some breeds are well known in terms of their stamina and long-life span.
The following are the healthiest breeds:
Beagle
Overview: Beagles are small to medium sized dogs, which are friendly and energetic.
Health Profile:
Average lifespan: 12-15 years
Problems: mild ear infections, overfed obesity.
Why they are healthy: Beagles are well-endowed in terms of genetic history and they are moderately sized, which minimizes the chances of developing joint or heart complications.
Lifestyle Requirements: Beagles are active and like outdoor games. Exercise kept them slim and prevented problems with behavior that are caused by boredom.
Australian Cattle Dog
Overview: This is a high-energy, smart breed that was initially used to round up cattle.
Health Profile:
Average lifespan: 12-16 years
Problems: Mild dysplasia of the hip, uncommon progressive blindness.
Why they are healthy: They are highly active dogs, which are very resilient and have good immune systems.
Lifestyle Requirements: The breed is active and requires mental stimulation. They suit active owners or families, which like outdoor adventures.
Basenji
Overview: Basenjis are small, graceful dogs whose coats are short and whose vocalizations are exclusive.
Health Profile:
Average lifespan: 12-16 years
Problems: Infrequent urinary or eye problems.
Why they are healthy: Basenjis are low-maintenance animals, and they have a limited number of hereditary health issues.
Lifestyle Requirements: Basenjis are self-sufficient and, nevertheless, they need to walk and play every day in order to be active and joyful.
Border Collie
Overview: Border Collies are very smart and energetic dogs, which are said to be the smartest breed.
Health Profile:
Average lifespan: 12-15 years
Problems: Periodic hip dysplasia or eye problems.
Why they are healthy: There is a good genetic composition and active lifestyle which has made them healthy.
Lifestyle Requirements: Border Collies require lots of brain and physical activity. Otherwise, they are capable of developing behavioral problems, but physically, they are usually robust and strong.
Chihuahua
Overview: Chihuahuas are among the tiniest dog breeds, which are known to be long-lived and possess a great personality.
Health Profile:
Average lifespan: 14-18 years
Problems: dental problems, patellar luxation (knee problems).
Why they are healthy: They are commonly small which helps them to avoid a lot of serious diseases which are prevalent in their larger counterparts.
Lifestyle Requirements: They should have moderate exercise and maintain good dental health to prevent problems in the long run. Chihuahuas do not mind living in apartments hence they thrive in the urban areas.
Shiba Inu
Overview: Shiba Inus are the medium-sized dogs in Japan that are alert and fox-like.
Health Profile:
Average lifespan: 12-16 years
Problems: Periodic allergies, mild dysplasia of the hips.
Why they are healthy: They are self-reliant and strong-bodied dogs with good health.
Lifestyle Requirements: Shiba Inus need exercise and stimulation of the brain on a daily basis. They suit the owners well when they realize their independent personality.
Mixed Breeds
Overview: Mixed-breed dogs are not purebred and are usually of a more heterogeneous genetic composition.
Health Profile:
Average lifespan: The lifespan is different depending on size and parentage.
Problems: Reduced risks of genetic disorders of breed.
Why they are healthy: They are less likely to develop hereditary diseases due to so-called hybrid vigor.
Lifestyle Requirements: Depending on the size and the energy level of the dog, however, mixed breeds are usually adaptable and strong.
Tips for Maintaining a Dog’s Health
The best breeds also enjoy preventative treatment and good lifestyles.
Here are some essential tips:
Regular Veterinary Visits
Annual examinations assist in the early detection of health problems such as dental problems, heart diseases or kidney problems.
Proper Diet
It is important to feed your dog with the right diet that is relevant to its size, age and level of activity. Their tendency to overindulge in feeding should be avoided to avoid obesity that may cause various health complications.
Mental Stimulation and Exercise
Frequent exercise, play, and brainwork will keep off obesity and sharpen your dog. Particularly active breeds should be active on a daily basis.
Vaccination and Preventive Drugs
Staying abreast with preventive measures on fleas, ticks, and heartworms, prevents severe diseases.
Dental Care
Dental disease in many dogs can impinge on the overall health. Dental health can be mitigated by brushing your dog’s teeth and giving him dental chews.
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